>YpVE$r#]Y@ -7}bKfl[83 Congress established a joint committee to review Reconstruction policy and set further conditions for readmitting states. Following Lincoln's assassination, the task of implementing Reconstruction fell to his vice president, Andrew Johnson. the South divided into 5 military districts, Analyzing Primary SourcesThis lesson involves using a number of primary source documents authored by a variety of people; some were highly educated, others were less so, and still others were recently freed slaves who were barely literate. Amnesty was granted to any southerner who took an oath of allegiance, with the exception of Confederate officials, officers, and wealthy landowners. Who were the group of people known as carpetbaggers who emerged in the Reconstruction-era South? There were also a number of members in Congress who were involved in the Crdit Mobilier scandal, which involved the Union Pacific Railroad and federal contracts for the first Transcontinental Railroad. Things began to change socially, politically, and economically. When did reconstruction begin? Reconstruction lasted from the Civil War to 1877. During Civil War they had "rehearsals" for reconstruction in the Union-occupied south. Idea of black people being free began during the Civil War. They were northerners who came south for jobs. Given sentence below refers to a numbered sentence in the passage. Congress passed the Thirteenth Amendment in January 1865, formally outlawing slavery in the United States. Grant also supported a series of legislative acts in 1871 to enhance the federal government's ability to use the military to stop acts of racial terrorism committed by the Ku Klux Klan, and in 1875 he signed a Civil Rights law that outlawed racial discrimination in public transportation and accommodations, and barred black exclusion from jury service. More punitive actions against the South, Lincoln felt, would only make it harder to heal the divided nation. endstream endobj 113 0 obj <>stream Also, this page requires javascript. HUj@}WDn! The Black Codes included tactics like fines, arrests, and kidnapping to force African Americans back into bondage working on Southern farms without, technically, enslaving them. Force Acts, KKK Act, gave president authority to call in federal troops if needed, but it happened only once. Congressional Reconstruction. It required that 50 percent of a state's voters take the oath of allegiance and demanded stronger safeguards for emancipation than Lincoln's as the price of readmission. He believed the South should not be welcomed back into the Union, He believed the Southern states should have to recognize equal rights for African Americans before being welcomed back into the Union, He insisted that a majority of Southern citizens take an oath of loyalty before the South could be welcomed back into the Union. The EDSITEment-reviewed sites Digital History and Documenting the American South offer a wide variety of documents concerning the effects of Reconstruction on the newly freed black population and Southern society, in general. Maintaining a visible and active presence of Union troops in the South to facilitate the peaceful operation of government and Reconstruction was expensive and frustrating to many in Congress. He antagonized the northern voters. Grandfather clauses gave citizens the right to vote if their grandfathers had been able to vote in elections prior to Reconstruction. Turn in their completed worksheets from Activities 1 and 2 for a grade. for freed slaves. While much progress could be seen in things like the exponential growth of railroads, even an optimistic reading of these barometers had to be tempered by an acknowledgement that doubling track mileage does not amount to much when the starting point was so low. Because of doubts about the constitutionality of the new Civil Rights Act, the congressional Joint Committee on Reconstruction drafted the Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution. The Amnesty Act of 1872 completely flipped the script on Southern politics and halted the progress being made by Reconstruction efforts. Rather than working with congressmen who might have supported his Reconstruction plan, Johnson alienated potential political allies by vetoing legislation intended to ensure civil rights for African Americans. In parallel, the "Lost Cause" narrative of the Civil War argued that the Confederacy had been justified in its effort to secede from the Union and that Reconstruction had been a mistake. In June 1868, Congress determined that Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, North Carolina, and South Carolina had met the requirements, and the states were admitted to the Union. The Resources of North Carolina: Its Natural Wealth, Condition, and Advantages, as Existing in 1869. 0 Lincoln: The states should be reintegrated into the Union when ten percent Why did Republicans retreat from their commitment to black voting and civil rights? Ten Southern states were placed under the control of military leaders until such time as they passed the Fourteenth Amendment and put state constitutions in place that aligned with the United States Constitution. The teacher may also wish to explain to the students the use of the word Negro in some of these documents. Reconstruction Complete the sentence in a way that shows you understand the meaning of the italicized vocabulary word. Women still could not vote. The sentence contains at least one complement. The Presidential Plans (Lincoln and Johnson), the Congressional (Radical Republican), and then Military control (Military Reconstruction Act - South broken down into 5 military districts), Communication des organisations - section 3, Lincoln's vs. Johnson's Plans for Reconstruct, Eric Hinderaker, James A. Henretta, Rebecca Edwards, Robert O. Self, John Lund, Paul S. Vickery, P. Scott Corbett, Todd Pfannestiel, Volker Janssen, Civil War, Reconstruction and Old West Review. The teacher may also want to point out that original documents, such as these, retain their original spelling and syntaxeven if incorrect. Reconstruction strategy that was based on severely punishing South for causing war. E&GvBQ"RYP F2;~}i,v K_)DR zdh[_/P&ME *8-pmw(j7Qjcmj9~::$x}v8@;aZwO,qo The vote in the Senate was thirtyfive to nineteen in favor of conviction, one short of the necessary twothirds majority. The speeches backfired. 10% plan What was Lincoln's plan for Reconstruction called? his early supporters were farmers in east Tennessee who didn't own slaves. Why Did Reconstruction Come to an End? Reconstruction came to an end as a direct result of too many Southerners opposing the reconstruction. 5. In some cases these newcomers were motivated by noble sentiment, while others were merely out to seek their fortunes. WebQuestion 1 What was the primary purpose of the Reconstruction period following the Civil War? Each document corresponds to one of the five Topics in the After Reconstruction section of the interactive. Throughout his term, Johnson would try to use his Executive Branch appointments and role as Commander in Chief to try to resist Radical Reconstruction efforts being forwarded by the Republican-controlled Congress. The teacher will also want to discuss the vernacular and odd spellings that occasionally come through in diary entries and interviews with ordinary citizens and ex-slaves. Stanton was suspended in August 1867 and replaced with Grant as an interim. Borrowed what they needed on credit from the owner, it was a bad because the farmer always owed more money than they made on the farm, leaving them stuck in this system. The First Reconstruction Act (March 1867) invalidated the state governments established under Johnson's policies (except the government of Tennessee, which had ratified the Fourteenth Amendment) and divided the former Confederacy into five military districts. How did the stereotype of carpetbaggers compare with the reality? Who did it benefit? If this activity does not load, try refreshing your browser. The WadeDavis Bill was proposed by the Radical Republicans who sought to punish the South for their rebellion and to reinforce the expectation of loyalty and obedience to the federal government. it was now all white corruption so did not attract as much attention. While one document cannot speak to the effects of the war on an entire group, it will give students an insight into what may have represented a common experience and reaction to Reconstruction policy. What were the provisions of the first Reconstruction Act? However, what gains were made in the realm of civil rights were under assault by the time Grant died and almost completely destroyed by the turn of the century. Who became president when Lincoln was assassinated? The Aftermath After American Civil War: The Result of Literacy tests were put into place requiring citizens to read difficult passages from legal documents in order to be able to vote. Students will be organized into five small groups, each of which will be assigned a document and a set of worksheet questions. Both Sharecroppers and Tenant Farmer did not own the land they farmed, but received a share of the profits of the crops Tenant Farmers : Were mostly poor whites who lived and farmed on someone else's land, owned a few tools or supplies which enabled them to make a small profit, because they need not borrow as much on credit. Why was the former Confederacy divided into military districts by the federal government? There were those who used their positions for exploitation. Po^dl=X7K1*,@~]^[ #Uh"d Atticus G. Haygood (then President of Emory University), Our Brother in Black: His Freedom and Our Future, 1881, William Robert Houghton, Two Boys in the Civil War and After, An AutobiographyA Southern Colored Woman, Lesson 1: The Battle Over Reconstruction: The Aftermath of War, Lesson 2: The Battle Over Reconstruction: The Politics of Reconstruction, The Battle Over Reconstruction: Southern Recovery. Corruption compromised the ability of the government and, frequently, of private interests to facilitate the reconstruction of the South. Course Hero is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university. It also made it difficult to enforce Republican plans for Reconstruction or the 14th and 15th Amendments to the Constitution. 0. endstream endobj 418 0 obj <>stream Senators? Southern voters also elected to Congress highranking Confederate officials and officers, some of whom had not received one of the thirteen thousand pardons Johnson issued during the summer of 1865. When duly elected black representatives were expelled from the Georgia legislature, Georgia once again fell under military rule. The new state legislatures adopted socalled black codes to keep the newly freed African Americans, or freedmen, in their place. WebWhat is Reconstruction? Who was the Republican candidate in the election of 1868? In addition, the teacher should review the interactive maps included as part of this lesson and download the Text Document for Activity 1 and the Text Document for Activity 2, which will include all needed source material and worksheets. It gave all men, regardless of race, the ability to vote in the United States. beOai4sA 'aKjlNa )u1d[I{4{[ @vKZtQUGm1)V8'. Georgia, along with Mississippi, Texas, and Virginia, had to satisfy an additional condition: ratification of the Fifteenth Amendment, which prohibited the states from denying a citizen the right to vote because of race, color, or previous condition of servitude. Republicans regained a substantial number of voters who had previously been denied voting rights due to unproven war crimes. no, although many blacks stopped participating. After 10% of a states voters signed a loyalty oath to the Union and the Constitution and abolished slavery, it could hold elections and vote and would be granted a full pardon and readmitted to the Union. Gp}1:qr +sWg" ^8u1k^l2GPt%,}cAZwf? The four states did not rejoin the Union until 1870. By allowing the former Confederates to reenter the political arena, Republicans faced an uphill battle against the surge in Democratic support and voter-suppression tactics aimed at Republicans and African Americans. corruption did not come to an end. Booth assassinated President Lincoln on April 14, 1865 during the performance of a play in Washington, D.C.s Fords Theater. The Civil Rights Act of 1866 defined citizenship and affirmed that all citizens are equally protected by the law. What wasthe primary purpose of the Reconstruction period following the Civil War? It formally brought the Southern states back into the Union. Upon completing this lesson, students will begin to see the ways in which a political and constitutional crisis emboldened some lasting divisions within American society and, perhaps what is more important, the ways in which the crisis forged a new path for a stronger and more perfect Union. WebQuiz The 1863 Proclamation of Amnesty and Reconstruction proposed A plan for Radical Reconstruction The Ten-Percent Plan The Fifty-Percent Plan Andrew Johnsons Plan for Reconstruction Why did Congress reject Louisianas new constitution in 1864? Select all that apply. endstream endobj 110 0 obj <>/Metadata 10 0 R/Outlines 25 0 R/PageLayout/OneColumn/Pages 107 0 R/StructTreeRoot 32 0 R/Type/Catalog>> endobj 111 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/XObject<>>>/Rotate 0/StructParents 0/Tabs/S/Type/Page>> endobj 112 0 obj <>stream Blacks were required to either sign labor contracts or face arrest for vagrancy, and they were not allowed to serve on juries or testify in court. #o`9} }#9BNDo9L(]xA g|XW.o&pI.78DBjV]^;. The effects of the Civil War and of Reconstructionparticularly in the Southcontinue to shape and to be a contentious subject in our politics today. For this activity, the students will use the interactive maps [temporarily located at http://civclients.com/nehint/recon/] as well as the documents specified below that can be found in the Text Document for Activity 1. What synonym clue shows up in the next paragraph? Many Southerners were scared of rebellion. What tactics were used? accomplished nothing, it was almost never enforced. The Presidential Plans (Lincoln and Johnson), the Congressional They gave land to the railroads. Nursing care plan about Risk for fetal injury related to shoulder dystocia? Fear of black rule. WebThe largest weapons factories were located in the South. This helped to shape the national political debate for generations. But in the end, events overpowered the best thinking on both sides of this divide and the impact of these great victories was left to be felt and interpreted by a new generation of Americans. One thing students might consider, for example, is how the devastation of war and the slow pace of efforts to recover from that devastation kept the South in a subordinate economic position in comparison to the faster growing cities of the North. And Black Americans continued to face acts of organized intimidation, mob violence, and murder because of their race. What are the Constitutional Grounds for impeachment? Moreover, the horrors of the late war were alive in the memories of most Americans and the real or imagined threat of resumed and open hostilities operated with more persuasive force than the best of arguments. Over the next two years, partially due to the help of newly enfranchised African American male voters, all ten states complied with the Reconstruction Acts mandates. His campaign theme was "Let Us Have Peace," and he tried his best to promote sectional and racial harmony throughout the country. Required 50% of southern white men to swear allegiance of the union and accept the end of slavery. In fact, African Americans took part in all the conventions and made up the majority of delegates in South Carolina. Equality at the ballot box would be a work in progress for decades to come. The states could enter the Union if they promised they would ratify the Fourteenth Amendment within five years. It required a majority of voters in each Confederate state to swear their allegiance to the US before rejoining the Union, It prohibited Confederate officials and military leaders from voting or holding office. For all groups: The Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution, Group A: Excerpt from Frederick Douglass, Address to the Massachusetts Antislavery Society, April 1865, Group B: Letter from President Ulysses S. Grant to the Hon. Write a short essay on how social contexts surrounding a person can contribute to his or her upbringing, beliefs and overall quality of life. The carpetbaggers, so named because of how they travelled light with inexpensive luggage made of fabric, were largely a benign group of Northern Republicans seeking a fresh start in the South (despite Southern Democrats fears to the contrary). 'B!Kck#'=kimtfqqT~>(i{w-[V] Which group was still not aloud to vote? A bill was introduced in February 1866 to reauthorize the oneyearold Freedmen's Bureau and allow it to try in military courts persons accused of depriving former slaves of their rights. These conditions made it quite difficult for the Republican Party to get much of a foothold in the South among any except black voters and those who had relocated from the North. Use the links above to research more about each aspect of Reconstruction, List the name of your character on the worksheet. Who did the Fifteenth Amendment formally grant the right to vote in 1870? TQSCQIf@*$ The House and Senate refused to seat southern delegates. They were more familiar with the places where most battles occured. In addition to reviewing the text of the Fourteenth Amendment, each group will be assigned to cover one additional (but short) document and make a presentation to the class summarizing the views presented in it. They had to have enough money to pay poll tax and had to pass a literacy test. Think about the italicized questions evaluating reconstruction quizlet HWn}W*(5X,lvLvv}X[ZKq>yFNIQ:UNWOo+S.~/\N($B;f %QI`MVy*|UrS=/4t4_&y^F?7KH84ZxGIUl~&=$wZ]mI_}?cIt4.#9r{s~zn|'nDD DqPz7.|f@(F_k~mz\(J( ,l=70$(yAbs[ki i l}QXvf;;4f74x4B3G3=!7.W X5Xz4]?w/ %Q:!^M_}8z:K H?Ce[U|.CKu@CY) iw#7PY7WP$|WPUqAr5vVK]tok*Dx|MX:-!O Jo#=j8u>rRt\?n! ~.Mgq1JwPD_8 sgA4DY_.kYTP@FuU;zvbEFX=1 S$&5blu1X3=y\W]lh 5f+tY[SU%-6+VZX]r6_>:@ t QYoySE"6=sPoa'&vxgO,q2@pYb: S,d.b9Ij?z/pT0,8[Bx53;IGbxfBQcNx;sLWcw1s}(5_1TJz0O#FNl7DysZjEnjN0_k!d.vT&_AfjwGlEPC|aVK=:+JG}gg] @@ovkV\Uv(%xR\V&%9 cn_n@:/X4m4dIo1i`m[q}+ql4w He told the southern states to reject it. evaluating the reconstruction Flashcards | Quizlet The Learning Page at the American Memory Project of the Library of Congress includes a set of activities to develop primary document skills. How did the Compromise of 1877 effectively end Reconstruction? What did the 15th Amendment accomplish ? These groups will take on the role of special investigative committees reporting to a Congressional committee examining the effects of Reconstruction. [c5vk~a5T?, P[oFVB-"X7/S{+} 2b(RG,}ti\ After reading their assigned document, students should answer the document questions on their worksheet and then proceed to the interactive to answer those questions. C04I!q^Q);i])G~H.HdRYBBYRi8,i 7P.,NPI In that compromise, Republican Rutherford B. Hayes won a tight race for the Presidency with just one electoral voteon the condition that all federal troops be removed from the South and a southern Democrat be named to his cabinet. Many Native American tribes were stripped of their lands, moved onto reservations, forced into an assimilation program not of their choosing, and in some cases massacred by settlers and/or the U.S. Army. Expert Help. Despite these violations of both the letter and spirit of his program, the president announced that Reconstruction was complete in December 1865. Take sample from your personal experience. African American males would not have the right to vote until the Fourteenth Amendment was passed. Granted citizenship, due process, and equal protection under the law. bookmarked pages associated with this title. e17bZVXrKW@]snp/bAb Ff# 4} GoBEeNoh,:XDlU@? 1&f<6a&wX5:(mIt%`}o"0`PVi>r#7e^2F+Y{\p^W In preparation for teaching this lesson, the teacher should review the entire lesson plan, including introductory background information. The next century would see African Americans continuing to fight for the legal rights they had been granted and were rightfully entitled to. Question 4 Were there any black governors in the South during Reconstruction? How did the WadeDavis Bill deal with the issues of Reconstruction? Question 11 30 seconds Q. The thirteenth, fourteenth and fifteenth amendment were created during the twelve years of rebuilding the country. Use the following abbreviations: DO for direct object, PN for predicate nominative, OC for objective complement, IO for indirect object, or PA for predicate adjective. Please wait while the activity loads. But charges of corruption were not limited to Grants administration. President Ulysses S. Grant presided over the waning days of Reconstruction. Farmers would collude to drive up prices of certain crops. and then to be taken up again in the Civil Rights struggles of the 20th century. How did the Amnesty Act of 1872 change Southern politics? Where did most black Americans live in 1900? Chapter 4.4: Reconstruction Flashcards | Quizlet He placed North Carolina and eventually other states under appointed provisional governors chosen mostly from among prominent southern politicians who had opposed the secession movement and had rendered no conspicuous service to the Confederacy. Connect to Life Which speaker's view of love appeals more to you? Course Hero is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university. Question 2 Which of the following best summarizes President Lincolns attitude toward the policies and process of Reconstruction? ]~ys6i`>lp=xY9'X\eQS%'#H 'Id~ti+i0q>?5 xL*m18&) B:17R#Y#>\ Saliency maps reveal directly how much a change in each input pixel would affect reconstruction loss, while each pixel's reconstruction error may be attributed to many input pixels when layers are fully connected. How did many Southern states work around the voting rights guaranteed in the Fifteenth Amendment? Reconstruction 3 southern states votes came in with 2 sets of counts, 1 Dem, 1 Repub, so the vote went to the House of Representatives who decided Republicans. Who did southern voters elect to office under the terms of presidential reconstruction? But in his first showdown with Congress upon being elected, Grant backed down and accepted a compromise proposal with the Senate even after the House had voted to join him in his opposition to the Act. (Ge,YAjB%f~&L uG0Bqw4$VFF[RN ;J_:;`' Lesson 3: The Battle Over Reconstruction: The Aftermath of Which plan was the hardest on the South? Which of the following is true of the Civil Rights Act of 1866? The Command of the Army Act prevented the president from issuing orders to the military except through the general of the army, who at the time was Ulysses S. Grant; additionally, the commanding general could not be removed without the Senate's consent. A time of rebuilding the South after the Civil War to resolve the South's problems and bring it back into the Union What were the problems For each group, briefly describe (in one paragraph) the primary motivations and objectives that moved them to action. A particle moves along a straight line with the equation x = 16t + 4t2-3t3 where x is the distance in ft and t is the time in second. dzB;. This condition was inevitable given the disqualification of many of the regions most experienced and able government officials because of their disfranchisement for participation in the late rebellion.
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