Also, there was a demand for more local regions by all these ethnic interest groups which was what led to the creation of new states. Rt. From that date, the concept of federalism incorporated the idea of patterned contact at two levels: at the governmental level between the participating units, and among the citizens of these different units (Dare, 1979:26). Nigeria as a nation has succeeded in commanding influence among member states by the virtue of its size. s" A large body of literature exists on Nigeria's fiscal federalism particularly with reference to revenue allocation. Fear of insecurity and the desire for a Union Meaning of federalism? Payment Details. five reasons for the adoption of federalism in Nigeria explained. There are other political systems the country could have adopted but because of some reasons which I am going to share with you today, federalism seemed to be the best idea. The Hausa Fulani and the Minorities feared the domination of political powers by the Igbos and Yorubas. REASONS FOR LOW TRADE Historical reasons - India adopted socialist model of economy and policy of import substitution and protectionism till 1990s and civil wars and domestic instability in other countries Poor Connectivity- Due to difficult terrain on borders, poor development of inland waterways, poor border infrastructure like border huts . It is on this footing, herewith, that one can properly understand the rational for, and theory of federalism, what and why certain trends theme up federal-state relations in Nigeria, and the features of federal-state relations in Nigeria. >> The political parties involved in the first republic were more formed on a regional basis. Book excerpt: Defensive Federalism presents an original contribution to the field of federalism and multinational democracies, exploring the concept of defensive federalism as a protection of self- government against the "tyranny of the majority". Federalism in Nigeria refers to the devolution of self-governance by the West African nation of Nigeria to its federated states, who share sovereignty with the Federal Government . politicization of ethnicity or the ethnicization of the politics of state creation that Nigeria has witnessed in recent years. Nigeria, a previously unitary state, became a federation in 1954. five reasons for the adoption of federalism in nigeria Another factor that prompted the adoption of federalism in Nigeria is the fear of insecurity and the desire for union. History of federal system of government in nigeria. Nigeria is quite a big country with an area of 923,768 km2. Nigeria is quite a big country with an area of 923,768 km2. In some areas where major communal or other social antagonism cuts across territorial boundaries, ranging through all the federating units, communities or classes have been driven to seek to protect or strengthen their position by inter-territorial union. Nigeria can be said to be operating the federal system of government, whereas in actual practice, the country is tending towards a unitary system. Federalism as a system of government has been approached with variegated definitions such that one might argue that there are much definitions of federalism as there are authors on the subject. /F6 21 0 R Academia.edu uses cookies to personalize content, tailor ads and improve the user experience. +rohyC ! 9S ) ?roh _ O4C sR & Pf?? AK kyC?& Pf;_Hu j_ G$: 5/ } !1AQa"q2#BR$3br It is believed by many that this was one of the reasons why Nigeria adopted a federalist system. Also see: Differences between Cross-offers and counter-offers, five reasons for the adoption of federalism in nigeria. The Evolution, Development and Practice of Federalism in Nigeria Charas Madu Tella, Ahmed Wali Doho, Aliyu Bapeto Abstract Federalism is a political philosophy in which members of a group are. /F4 15 0 R All rights reserved. What are the reasons Nigeria adopted the Federalism system of government in Nigeria? In developing countries like India, Iraq and Nigeria, federalism has either failed to close developmental gaps and ethno-communal tensions among various states or, more worryingly, in some. Minority Issues and the Creation of State | Week 10. welcome, and thanks for reading us. 7 Topics . The Plural nature of Nigeria: Nigeria is a plural society of over 250 tongues and tribes. It also decided that the Public . Also, the adoption of the Littleton constitution of 1954 laid further credence to . CLICK HERE To Pay With Debit Card ($15) GHANA - Make Payment of 80 GHS to MTN MoMo, 0553978005, Douglas Osabutey. In the case of Nigeria - how the oil money will be (in)judiciously dealt with. Stated reasons of the coup were prevailing gangsterism and disorder, corruption and nepotism in the civil government. Common national, racial, religious, cultural linguistic or social ties have often contributed to the unification of political unit. It submits that the problem with constitutionalism in Nigeria is poor leadership and poor implementation of the Constitution. /Contents 4 0 R >> So for effective governance of a country of this big size, federalism has to be adopted. I love this article,very educating and interesting Do you know the reasons for federalism in Nigeria? @VF:8=|@5&/1df gbjtCoy(L5A,JCI1/'5DT8`A!UY*&wTN5[v;KXvH* 5:>}W^Bp_ ;R!&L %s\q'(], Edeh Samuel Chukwuemeka ACMC, is a Law Student and a Certified Mediator/Conciliator in Nigeria. Just very few words have evoked much more controversy in the discus of politics than the word, federalism. 1. But before moving to the crux of this article, we will be looking briefly at the meaning and history of federalism in Nigeria. As one of the most effective frameworks for governing a pluralistic society, Nigeria adopted Federalism to manage her multi-ethnic state. These maladies have led to a renewal of the call for secession by the South-Eastern ethnic group of Nigeria for a Republic of Biafra, on the basis that they are being short-changed in the political cum socio-economic largess accumulating from the Centre. 2023, Bscholarly LLC. examines the question on why federalism has not succeeded in managing and accommodating diversity in Nigeria. All these strengthen political bonds and gave Rice to unity in diversity. Over the years the fiscal federalism in Nigeria has crystallised and remained . It was believed that federal system of government would take care of the interest of the minority and human rights that had been the fear of the minority under colonial rule. /Type /Page This helped to solve the problem of marginalization in the leadership. After nearly three decades of cumulative military rule, the country returned to civilian governance in 1999 under a presidential system of government. The first military head of state, General J.T.U Aguiyi Ironsi for instance was interested in a unitary Nigeria and he scrapped federalism. Indeed, whatever scholarly connotations they bear, one strongly believes that they all enjoy one clear focus. In many countries of the world, federalism has emerged as a means of accommodating the growing desire of people to preserve or revive the intimacy of small societies and the growing necessity for larger combinations to mobilize the utilization of common resources. Pillars of democracy: 7 Essential pillars of democracy. Thus, there is continuous agitation by many ethnic nationalities for a sovereign national conference in order to renegotiate the Nigeria federal deal to put Nigeria on the path of true federalism to guarantee her unity and co-existence. In this article, i will comprehensively discuss the reasons for federalism in Nigeria. The Attorney General sought to know whether the 13% sharing formula of the oil producing states should include revenue from oil producing states should include revenue from oil production activities off shore. As a result of this, it has brought about the cry of the minorities clamoring for their own state. The unity here is brought about by the desire of the component units of the federation to form union in respect of some matters. 3. Full History of Nigerian Federalism. Your email address will not be published. Is there high propensity or likelihood of exclusion, marginalization and relative deprivation, which was to engender obsessive mutual antagonism? All attempts to solve these problems over the years have failed. Given the size of Nigeria, it lays claims to being the Giant of Africa. Many nations in the international community recognizes her as such. Also, Read: Local Government In Nigeria : Definition, Functions, And Importance. w !1AQaq"2B #3Rbr By way of conclusion, it is imperative to know that the reason why Nigeria is still practicing federalism today is because the system seems to be suitable for our political value and culture. British North American colonies unite 3 Up to 1867, the colonies 4 of British North America had no political or geographical links. There is a general opinion that Nigeria was formed because of the interest of the British and they had to govern the country under a federation system. 2. The possible reasons for the practice of federalism in Nigeria are several, and have, for instance, been presented as British imposition targeted at a post-colonial relationship, or as a. Unfortunately, since the formation of Nigeria and adoption of this system of governance in the country has not seen much effect of federalism. To avert this domination, states unite to form a strong, virile and stable union capable of withstanding external attacks. stream Such an act has constituted to one of the major problems of federalism thereby militating against the development of the nation. Nigeria is a heterogeneous nation facing challenges within the balance of economic development along ethnic divisions in society. The analysis of the emerging issues and scenarios as well as the response options aims at supporting the efforts of different stakeholders including the Federal government on managing the current pro-Biafra agitation. /Type /XObject Federalism in Nigeria refers to the devolution of self-governance by the West African nation of Nigeria to its federated states, who share sovereignty with the Federal Government. government and the governed by enhancing political cohesion in such country with regional, ethic, racial, linguistic and cultural diversity like Nigeria. Voter Turnout, Voting Behavior and Democratic Consolidation in Nigeria By Professor Sakah Saidu Mahmud Kwara State University, Malete 1. That notwithstanding, The origin and concept of federalism boasts of a very popular definition by an American scholar, K.C. Historical experience 3.2 2. Differences between 1960 and 1963 constitution of Nigeria, Differences Between First, Second and Third Degree Murder, Best Lawyers In The World (With Pictures): Top 10 Most Popular, Factors that Limits Independence of the Judiciary in Nigeria, Statute of Fraud: Contracts Required to be in Writing, Advantages And Disadvantages Of a Limited Liability Company (LLC), Richest Christian Musicians In The World: Top 10 Wealthiest, Countries With The Highest Minimum Wage 2022: Top 13, Best Handworks/Skills To Learn In Nigeria 2023: Top 12 Most Lucrative, Richest Engineers In Nigeria 2022: Top 10 Highest Paid, Cheapest Places to Live in the United Kingdom 2022: 12 Most Affordable, Cheapest Places/Cities To Live In Nigeria 2022. From the above explanation, one can rightly say that the constitution of Nigeria and United States of America are federal constitutions while the constitution of France and the Republic of Ireland are Unitary constitutions. Nigeria is confronted to the boomerang effects of the evolution of its federalism. >> The regional government had power over matters that are listed under the residual list. Other specific reasons for the increasing demand for decentralisation are: Central governments increasingly are finding that it is impossible for them to . Thus, Nigeria's federalism is not only complex but also hard to understand. If the desire to remain separate does not exist, the the association will not be federal but unitary with some delegation of powers to local government. Thus, federalism seemed to be the only option left for Nigeria because it allows for popular participation in government. Problems facing the legal profession in Nigeria, History of the legal profession in Nigeria, Problems of Local Government in Nigeria And Solutions, 5 important Characteristic of customary law, Sources of Nigerian Law: everything you need to know. By the time Nigeria became a republic, the system of federalism was adopted and the country was considered as a federation of three regions. This is another reason for the adoption of federalism in Nigeria. Instead of designing a government that should unite the different elements in Nigeria, the colonialists fully adopted federal stem of government in 1954 and created greater regional autonomy. It discovered a positive relationship between the changes in the fiscal structure and the aggravation of ethnic minorities' struggles. Put differently, revenue sharing has become a recurrent crisis factor in Nigeria. This notwithstanding, the concept of federalism boasts of a very popular definition by an American scholar, K.C. i dont have my first school leaving certificate. By using our site, you agree to our collection of information through the use of cookies. Federalism therefore involves the linkage of individuals, groups and policies in lasting but limited union in such a way as to provide for the energetic pursuit of common goals while maintaining the respective integrities of all parties.
Cracker Barrel Heat And Serve Turkey Instructions,
Broward College Baseball Roster 2021,
Dickens Festival Schedule,
Wainhomes Reservation Fee,
Tournament Program In Python,
Articles R