21 1; A.R.S. Application process information: Written application including full text of proposed law and summary that explains its purpose, signed by five people and the applicant (21-A M.R.S.A. 3, 3; NDCC, 16.1-01-09), Collected in-person: Yes (NDCC, 16.1-01-09). 22-25-106). Must include the names, addresses and signatures of at least 25 electors as sponsors and the full text of the measure (Const. Types Allowed: Indirect initiative for statutes, and popular referendum. Art. Then 168.472a). 7-9-111). Verification: Random sample of at least 5 % or at least 4,000 signatures. Eight % for amendments (Cal.Const. Some states also include signatures to be gathered from across the state, although some of these requirements have been found to be unconstitutional. Application process information: Petition must be presented to secretary of state for approval as to form. (21-A MRS 905). 100.371). Art. Art. Art. Cal.Elec.Code 9005; Cal.Gov.Code 12172. Public review or notice: In consultation with the attorney general, the secretary state writes an analysis of the effect of the measures, which will be published in the columns for two weeks prior to the election (NDCC, 16.1-01-07). Who creates petitions: Sponsors (Elec. Submission deadline for signatures: Not more than 90 days after the final adjournment of the session of the general assembly that passed the bill on which the referendum is demanded (Colo. Const. Law 13-202). III, 3 and MGL ch. When formed as a ballot question committee, it must file campaign statements and other forms with the Nebraska Accountability and Disclosure Commission, all on a set timeline. 48, Init., Pt. Must have full text of the measure and names and addresses of the sponsors (NDCC Const. If statistical sampling shows that the number of valid signatures is between 95-110% of the number required, an examination and verification of signatures is conducted (Elec. States with direct initiatives (19): Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Florida, Idaho, Illinois, Michigan, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, South Dakota, Utah, Washington, States with indirect initiatives (10): Alaska, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, Mississippi, Nevada, Ohio, Utah, Washington, Wyoming. For constitutional amendments, a majority of voters at two consecutive elections (N.R.S. Subject restrictions: Such laws as may be necessary for the immediate preservation of the public peace, health or safety, support of the state government and its existing public institutions are not subject to referendum (Const. Out-of-state committees that make expenditures supporting or opposing ballot propositions in Washington are required to file reports (RCW 42.17A.250). The secretary of state writes arguments for and against the measure with information provided by proponents and opponents (Neb.Rev.St. Art. 7-9-111. The following is not a legal, comprehensive list of every campaign finance law governing the initiative process in each state, but rather provides a starting guide of where to find relevant statutes: Nine states have an explicit process for withdrawal of an initiative from circulation: Proponents may any time before measure qualifies for the ballot, 131 days before the general statewide election. A petition may only be rejected if two different sampling processes determine it does not have sufficient signatures. The ballot title may be distinct from the title of the law that is the subject of the petition. Evaluations done by lieutenant governor and Office of Legislative Research and General Counsel (U.C.A. Number of signatures required: Three % of the votes cast for governor at the preceding biennial state election to submit to the legislature. 116.060). Full and correct copy of title and text must be printed on petitions (NRS 32-1403). M.G.L.A. 7-9-111). Amend. Ballot title and summary: The board of state canvassers (M.C.L.A. Art. Prepared by joint legislative budget committee staff. If any pair do not match, the rest of the signatures on that page must be verified via this comparison (MCA 13-27-303; 13-27-304). Art II, 10 and Elec. Art. Const. 5, 1). 1953 20A-7-204.1; 20A-7-208; 20A-7-702). Fiscal review: Office of Fiscal and Program Review prepares (1 M.R.S.A. Prepared by chief legislative budget officer. Public review or notice: A pamphlet regarding the ballot questions is sent to voters' residential addresses and published in the Massachusetts register (M.G.L.A. 250.025), Collected in-person: Yes (O.R.S. In some states, the official title of the legislation that is the subject of the referendum appears on the petition. If the legislature fails to enact the proposal as written, sponsors then go through a second stage of signature gathering. Majority to pass: Yes (OH Const. Art. 23-17-17; 23-17-19, Montana: MCA 13-27-201; 13-27-202; 13-27-204; 13-27-207, Nebraska: Neb.Rev.St. Verification: "The Legislature may authorize the Secretary of State and the other public officers to use generally accepted statistical procedures in conducting a preliminary verification of the number of signatures submitted in connection with a referendum petition or an initiative petition, and for this purpose to require petitions to be filed no more than 65 days earlier than is otherwise required by [the constitution]" (Const. 10% of the votes cast in last general election, 10% of the total number of votes cast in the last general election, or 25% to suspend operation of the act until the election, 2% of the residential population according to the last federal decennial census, 6% of the total votes cast for the office of governor in the last election, 5% of votes cast for governor in the last election, 4% of the votes cast for all candidates for governor at the last election, 5% of the total votes cast for governor at the last election, 8% of the active voters in the state on Jan. 1 following the last regular general election, Const. Art. 48, Pt. She collects 500 signatures so that the city council will vote on it.This is an example of? Political committees must file reports of contributions and expenditures. In three states (Massachusetts, Ohio and Utah), proponents must gather additional signatures to place the measure on the ballot; in the others, it automatically goes to the ballot. Ballot title and summary: Ballot language is drafted by the Ohio Ballot Board (Const. Ballot measure committees must also provide an initial disclosure report 15 days after the committee begins raising or spending money, with subsequent quarterly reports until the pre-election report is due. LXXIV, 2 and MGL ch. Art. Number of signatures required: Five % of votes cast for governor in last election for stator. Must include official language from attorney general, the measures full text, and the legislative district from which the signatures were collected (I.C. 295.015; 293.250). Proponent financial disclosure requirements: Include but may not be limited to statewide ballot question committee must file pre-primary, pre-general, year-end and, if applicable, supplemental report and amendments (SDCL 12-27-22; SDCL 12-27-3). Fiscal review: Yes (W.S.1977 22-24-309). 2, 8). Art. 19, 3). II, 1g and O.R.C. Geographic distribution: None, but petition sheets are organized by county (A.R.S. Code reviser issues certificate of review (RCWA 29A.72.020; 29A.32.040; 29A.32.060). 3, 5). Art. Public review or notice: Pro and con statements and explanations are made public prior to the election in newspapers, in public offices and on the secretary of states website (OH Const. Amend. Const. Public review or notice: The attorney general shall provide a 10-day public comment period after the release of draft title and explanation and revise accordingly after the comment period closes. In every state, petitions must follow guidelines, which vary by state. (21-A M.R.S.A. Groups must file reports detailing contributions received in excess of $100 in the aggregate and all contributions and expenditures made by the group (AS 15.13.040(b)). Alaska: 1959Arizona: 1912Arkansas: 1920California: 1911Colorado: 1910Idaho: Constitutional provision adopted1912, laws specifying mechanics adopted 1933Maine: 1908Maryland: 1915Massachusetts: 1917Michigan: 1908Missouri: 1908Montana: 1906Nebraska: 1912Nevada: 1904New Mexico: 1911North Dakota: 1914Ohio: 1912Oklahoma: 1907Oregon: 1902South Dakota: 1898Utah: 1900Washington 1912Wyoming: 1968, Four states have no restrictions on what sorts of laws can be subjected to the popular referendum: Arkansas, Idaho, Maine and North Dakota. Collected in-person: Yes (U.C.A. The title may be different from the legislative title, but in all cases the legislative title shall be sufficient. A statement of purpose and implication, not to exceed 135 words, and yes-no statements are drafted by petitioners and reviewed and approved by the attorney general. For citation information, please contact the NCSL Elections and Redistricting Team. Any time more than 70 days before the election, a majority of the committee members may withdraw the petition by writing to the secretary of state. 3, 5; NDCC, 16.1-01-09. Submission deadline for signatures: Not more than 60 days after the final adjournment of the session of the state legislature which passed on the bill on which the referendum is demanded (IC 34-1803). XVI, 3). Verification: The circuit clerk of each county in which the petition was circulated will verify the name of every qualified voter who signed the petition (Miss. 15% of the total vote cast in the last election in at least of two-thirds of the counties. Code 84107). Art II, 9). If paid, must also register with the secretary of state and take training program (O.R.S. Application process information: Any legal voter of the state may file with the secretary of state a legible copy of the part of such act on which a referendum is desired, an affidavit that the sponsor is a registered voter and a filing fee in an amount to be established by the secretary of state (RCW 29A.72.010). Timeline for taking effect: The date of the governor's proclamation of the election results (IC 34-1813). 21 1; CV160314-SA), Montana (MT CONST Art. Timeline for collecting signatures: Petitions carried by paid circulators must be filed on a monthly basis (ORS 250.105). 3, 2; NDCC, 16.1-01-17). Art. Office of the Legislative Fiscal Analyst conducts an estimate and description of funding sources. Reports of contributions and expenditures of $500 or more must be made within 2 days between the 25th day of the month before an election and the day of the election (MCA 13-37-226). Const. II, 10(a)). Ohio ballot board; proponents may suggest title. Verification: The secretary of state shall by rule designate a statistical sampling technique to verify whether a petition contains the required number of signatures (ORS 250.105). Art. (MGL ch. Timeline for collecting signatures: Petitions are valid for one year (MS Const. Law 6-201 and -202, Massachusetts: Const. Art. 4, 1, Pt. 250.105). Payment on a per-signature basis prohibited; bonuses based on reliability, longevity and productivity are permitted. Restrictions included 120 days before election for amendments, and 160 days before an election and not less than 10 days before legislative session for statutes. Const. Art. 5, 1). 116.320). 54 53). 2, 3. The secretary of state will also conduct at least one public hearing in each congressional district on each ballot measure (Miss. Repeal or change restrictions: Can only be changed by a vote of the people. seq). II, 9). 2, 3; Amend. Art. Circulator oaths or affidavit required: Yes (IC 34-1807). 5, 1). The secretary of state consults with the legislative counsel for any technical suggestions, which will be posted to the secretary's website. 295.009). 4, Pt. Most constitutional democracies, such as Australia, Canada, Italy, and the United States, operate through a system of representative government. Citizens come up with and vote on their own laws Pros: 1. Neb. St. 32-1409). Art. 116.060). Geographic distribution: Original geographical requirement found unconstitutional. 24, 1), Utah (U.C.A. 11 5). Which election: The secretary of the commonwealth shall submit such law to the people at the next state election (Const. Paid per signature: May be paid but not on number of petitions circulated or signatures obtained. 1-45-103, 1-45-108.3, 1-45-111.5 1-45-117). Allowed to pay another for their signature: Prohibited (Miss. Time period restrictions before placed on the ballot: There must be at least 60 days between submission of the petition and the election (Const.
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